The Impact of Gender, and International Location on Multilevel Management Ratings

Wilson, C., Wilson, J., Booth, D., & Shipper, F. , (1990). In K. Clark, M. Clark & D. Campbell (Eds.), Impact of Leadership (pp. 345-358). Greensboro, N.C.: Center for Creative Leadership.

This paper reports on three different explorations of scores on the Survey of Management Practices (SMP): (a) their association with personality self-assessments on the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI TM) and the Hogan Personality Inventory (HPI), (b) the differences in ratings of male and female managers by their subordinates, and (c) the differences in ratings of managers by their subordinates in Asia, Europe, and in the U.S. In these samples, self-assessments on SMP were more closely related to personality assessments than were ratings by bosses or subordinates. Ratings of men and women managers appeared to differ more by organization or occupation than by gender. Regional differences indicated higher ratings for Asian than either European or U.S. managers, while European - especially senior - managers were seen as imposing more structure or exercising more control than their U.S. counterparts.

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